Questions regarding the paper by Ko et al. Note: These are not assigments, just items to ponder while reading the papers, and issues to discuss in the class. Don't feel inadequate if you cannot answer them on your own! 1. Ko et al. find that only different velocity profiles for different ions can match the Ulysses/SWICS observations. To verify whether such a result is self-consistent, a third time-scale should have been calculated from the model results, and compared with the outflow timescale. What timescale and why? 2. Explain why a supra-thermal tail in the electron distribution would lead to an overpopulation of ion-states with high ionization threshold. 3. Why does no one ever get the reduced chi-squared right! Eq. (12) is incorrect. To see why, take the example that one has five data-points and five free parameters to adjust. What do you expect the reduced chi-squared would be? So, what seems a simple correction for Eq. (12)? If you want to check, look at Bevington, 1969, "Data Reduction and Error Analysis for the Physical Sciences", for a rather murky treatment. 4. Try to explain how the scale-height temperature in Fig. 3 (from Spartan white light data) can be so different from the scale height temperature that we derived in class from the David et al. results? So what does that indicate?