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The
partially ionized LISM and the solar wind are separated
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by a complex set of plasma and neutral
atom boundaries of
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enormous scale, located between ~90 and
~250 AU from the sun.
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The
first of these boundaries, the HYDROGEN WALL, a wall of
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interstellar neutral hydrogen slightly
more than twice the interstellar
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density and some 100 AU wide, has been
detected. Offered the first
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glimpse into the global structure of the
3D heliosphere.
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HOW: The detection of the hydrogen wall resulted
from the
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serendipitous convergence of predictive theoretical
modeling,
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observations that tried to place limits on the D/H
ratio, and a
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multi-disciplinary approach
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