1. Give an argument for a spherical earth from the book.
Did Aristotle advocated the argument you chose? (4 pt)
- Aristotle: Earth's shadow on Moon always round during eclipse.
- Aristotle: altitude of stars changes as one moves N/S.
- Sun is at different positions in sky in different timezones
- space shuttle photos
- Eratosthenes' measurement
- more
2. Give one experiment/argument presented against astrology in the text. (2 pt)
- tested enlistment records for similarities in birth sign: null result
- tested govt. leaders for similarities in birth sign: null result
- gave mass murderer's horoscope to people, many thought applied to them
- depends only on natal sign, not later in life info, or conception sign
- more
3. About how many stars are in our galaxy, the Milky Way? (2 pt)
a) 107
b) 1011 <------- ANSWER: LOTS AND LOTS OF 'EM!
c) 103
d) 105
4. Give a definition of retrograde motion, or draw a picure of an example. (4 pt)
- a planet's apparent (not real!) East-to-West motion across Earth's sky on succesive
nights; contrary to usu. W to E motion
- could have just drawn an "S"-shaped planetary path to show you'd at least looked at the
section on retrograde motion
5. True/false: (4 pt)
F: Ptolemy advocated the heliocentric view.
F: Ptolemy believed the Earth rotated.
6. Give one discovery the book attributed to Galileo. (4 pt)
- moons of Jupiter
- Milky Way made of stars
- objects fall at same speed independent of mass
- terrain of Moon similar to Earth's
- phases of Venus
- objects in a state motion stay in that state of motion, unless force applied