Hale COLLAGE 2017

` Hale COLLAGE 2017
Hale COLLAGE 2017
Solar flares and CMEs: Their physics and their observation

Summary: This web-enabled course is an offering of the George Ellery Hale Collaborative Graduate Education (COLLAGE) Program, a joint effort between CU Boulder, the National Solar Observatory (NSO), New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), University of Hawaii (UH), New Mexico State University (NMSU), Montana State University (MSU), and the High Altitude Observatory (HAO).

Lectuers will be web-cast using Web-ex from different parrticipating campuses each week. These will be recorded and available following their broadcast. The course grade will be based on a series of homework assignments and a final project.

Lecturers:
- Dana Longcope (MSU, course lead)
- Bin Chen (NJIT)
- Adam Kowalski (CU & NSO)
- Jiong Qiu (MSU)
Meets: MW 12:00-1:30 (MST)

MSU: Barnard 235

Suggested reading:
- The Physics of Solar Flares,
  E. Tandberg-Hanssen & A.G. Emslie
- Solar Astrophysics, P. Foukal
- Physics of the Solar Corona, M. Aschwanden
- Heliophysics vols. I & II, C. Schrijver & G. Siscoe
Grading: The final grade (at MSU) will be 50% from problem sets and 50% from a final project. The project should resemble a published paper in every respect except possibly for its scope. It may be original work on its way to genuine publication (an excellent way to move your graduate career forward). Or it may be a review of other works, with some detailed derivations supplied. The paper should cover some aspect of material covered in the class: i.e. Solar or Stellat flares. Tangentially related topics can be used if the paper is slanted toward an exposition of the course material (i.e. a paper on nanoflare heating or spicules should delve into flare-like properties of these, making use of gas-dynamics etc.). The schedule for the project will be as follows:
- Mar 22: 1p. abstract outlining proposed project. This will be evaluated to confirm the suitability of the proposed paper. It would be best to coordinate with one of the isntructures before hand to identify a suitable topic.
- May 3: Final project due

Week of...	Mon	Wed.
Jan. 9		No class
Jan. 16	MLK day	1. Overview of Flares & CMEs (Longcope)
Jan. 23	2. CME fundamentals: MHD & instabilities (Longcope)	3. CME fundamentals: role of reconnection (Longcope)
Jan. 30	4. CME fundamentals: instability & reconnection (Longcope)	5. CME observations: ribbon motion (Qiu)
Feb. 6	6. CME observations: coronagraphs (Qiu)	7. CME observations: radio (Chen)
Feb. 13	8. CME observations: in situ (Chen)	9. Flare loop fundamentals: 1d gas dynamics & 0d models (Longcope)
Feb. 20	No class	10. Flare loop fundamentals: 1d gas dynamics & evaporatio (Longcope)
Feb. 27	11. Flare loop radiation: line emission (Longcope)	12. Flare loop observations: EUV and X-ray light curves (Qiu)
Mar. 6	13. Flare loop observations: EUV and X-ray light curves (Qiu)	14. Flare loop obsrvations: spectroscopy (Chen)
Mar. 13	Spring Break (MSU & NJIT)
Mar. 20	15. Flare loop obsrvations: spectroscopy (Chen)	16. Impulsive phase fundamentals: single particle motion (Longcope)
Mar. 27	17. Impulsive phase fundamentals: Distribution function basics (Longcope)	18. Impulsive phase fundamentals: Scattering & Fokker-Planck eq. (Longcope)
Apr. 3	19. Impulsive phase fundamentals: Stochastic Acceleration (Longcope)	20. Impulsive phase radiation: Bremsstrahlung, gyrosynchrotron, etc. (Chen)
Apr. 10	21. Impulsive phase radiation: Bremsstrahlung, gyrosynchrotron, etc. (Chen)	22. Impulsive phase observations: Radio & HXR, imaging & spectroscopy (Chen)
Apr. 17	23. Impulsive phase observations: Radio & HXR, imaging & spectroscopy (Chen)	24. Impulsive phase observations: Dynanics w/ RT & NT particles (Kowalski)
Apr. 24	25. Impulsive phase lab: RADYN (Kowalski)	26. Impulsive phase lab: RADYN (Kowalski)
May. 1	27. Stellar flares: (Kowalski)	-

Recordings: Are being kept at CU-Boulder's site

Homework:

Problem set	Due date	notes/comments
Problem Set 1	due: Feb. 20	email questions to dana-at-solar.physics.montana.edu * fixed small typo in part (d). Deadline extended	solution
Problem Set 2	due: Mar 3	email questions to qiuj-at-solar.physics.montana.edu (prob. 1) bin.chen-at-njit.edu (Probs. 2-4). Deadline extended	solution
Problem Set 3	due: Mar. 24	email questions to dana-at-solar.physics.montana.edu	solution
Problem Set 4	due: Apr. 14	email questions to dana-at-solar.physics.montana.edu	solution

Interesting resources:

Notes, slides, and suggested reading for each lecture:

1
- slides - from lecture
2
- slides
- An excellent review of CMEs
- A good description of the toy MHD model used throughout lectures 2-4
3
- slides
4
- slides
5
- slides (.pptm file)
6
- slides (.pptm file)
7
- slides
8
- slides
9
- slides
- Basics of radiative processes are covered in Aschwanden secs. 2.6-2.9
- A nice review and discussion of zero-dimensional (0d) flare models. It also includes comparisons into which my lecture will not delve.
10
- slides
- Basics of energy deposition is covered in Tandberg-Hansen & Emslie Ch. 8
- Is an analytic treatment of conduction-driven evaporation to be convered in the lecture.
11
- slides
- The classic treatment of evaporation driven by electron deposition is found here and here. The lecture will draw heavily on these.
- An exemplary case of how EUV sepctroscopy can be used to characterize the flare plasma. The lecture will use most of its figures.
12
- slides
13
- slides
14
- slides
- Suggested reading: Aschwanden Chs. 3 & 4.
15
- slides
- Suggested reading: Foukal Ch.3, Tandberg-Hanssen & Emslie Ch. 2
16
- slides
- Basics of charged particle motion and acceleration are covered in Aschwanden secs. 11.1-11.3 and Tandberg-Hanssen & Emslie 4.2-4.3
17
- slides
- Basics of distribution function and the Boltzmann equation are covered in Tandberg-Hanssen & Emslie 3.1-3.2
18
- slides
19
- slides
- Stochastic acceleration is covered in Aschwanden secs. 11.1-11.3 and Forbes & Priest (2000) 13.3
- Bian et al. gives readable account of power laws (actually kappa distributions) arising from turbulent diffusion in the Fokker-Planck equations
- Lee & Fisk give a nice exposition of power laws from Diffusive shock acceleration
20
- slides
- Suggested reading: Tandberg-Hanssen & Emslie Ch. 5
21
- slides
- Suggested reading: Essential Radio Astronomy, Condon & Ransom, Ch. 5
- Gary & Keller (2004) Ch. 5
- Dulk & Marsh (1982)
22
- slides
- Suggested reading: Aschwanden Ch. 13 (HXR), Ch. 15 (radio)
23
- slides
24
- slides
- Details of the computational framework are provided in Allred et al. (2015)
- Carlsson (1998) reviews aspects of radiative hydrodynamics
25
26
27
- slides